今天，有幸能听到范兵老师的课，算是开了眼界，也见识到了好多新的理念！

在这里，小二想与大家分享一下范老师讲课的大致内容，因为好多内容涉及到知识产权，这里也就只能做一些简要介绍。

关于钙化根管与细小根管的问题。

范老师比较了一下　VDW的C型先锋锉　与Dentsply的C＋锉.

首先还是介绍一下C＋锉：(图见相册)

DENTSPLY Maillefer, leaders in the field of endodontics, are pleased to announce the launch of their new C+ Files. The C+ Files are for the initial instrumentation of the root canal.

C+ Files have stronger buckling resistance compared to K-Files, which makes easier location of the canular orifices and easier access to the apical third. There is also better negotiation of calcifications and a better tactile feel. C+ Files have a depth gauge making it easier to determine working length when working with X-rays. The pyramid shaped tip makes easier insertion during catheterization and the square section allows better resistance to distortion. The polished surface of the C+File allows better removal of debris as well as smoother insertion of the instrument in the canal.

C+ Files are available in three lengths, 18mm, 21mm and 25mm and three sizes 8, 10 and 15.

C+ Files是登士柏公司的新产品。它相对于K锉来说，有较强的抗弯曲能力，这有利于根管口定位和到达根尖。对于钙化根管的定位尤为便利，且有更好的手感。锉表面有供测量用的刻度使工作长度的测定更便捷。锉的尖部呈金字塔型，使其具有较强的抗扭曲能力。锉的表面十分光滑，使其在根管内移动更光滑，因此能更有效的清楚根管碎屑。

范老师对C+ Files进行了仔细的研究，他指出，此锉是一个锥度不均匀的锉。在设计时，为了让尖端抗扭曲能力增加，尖端的锥度为4%，而后半部分工作面为1%的锥度，这样既有优点，也有缺点。优点是：后半部分的弹性增加，有利于进入弯曲根管；缺点是，工作面的后半部分的硬度自然就相对较差，当用于较硬的钙化灶时，可能切削能力会差一些。

VDW的先锋锉，锥度与常规K锉一样，都是2%，它是通过改良材料，来达到增加器械硬度的目的。对于用惯K锉的老师来说，可能更习惯，对于质特硬的钙化灶切削能力可能会更好一点。

另外，范老师介绍了一下Dentsply 的ProFinder，我也查了一下它的产品介绍如下：

DENTSPLY Maillefer is pleased to announce the launch of the Senseus ProFinder File, a new multi-tapered catheterization file for use with rotary and manual instruments.

This file has been specially designed to allow quick and easy establishment of the glide path of the root canal for shaping with successive instruments.

The innovative new file features an exclusive minimal, variable taper, allowing easier penetration of canals as well as faster and more efficient negotiation of difficult or calcified canals. The ProFinderä files come in sizes 10, 13 and 17, which are all available in lengths 18mm, 21mm and 25mm.

The files should be used in the following way after straight-line access has been established:

-         Explore the canal passively with the 010, 013 and 017 ProFinders sequentially to resistance depth

Shape the canal with rotary of hand files to resistance depth

 Determine the working length of the canal using ProFinder file 010

 Proceed to working length with ProFinders 013 and 017 sequentially to working length

Finish shaping the canal with rotary or hand files to working length

范老师介绍，　Profinder 的中上段锥度为1%，尖端的锥度仅为1.5%，弹性特别好，极有利于探查疑难的细小根管。

更引人入胜的是，范老师在课上展示了他最新的研究成果。三维重建的根管系统图和动画，让我们对根管系统有了全新的认识，也充分理解了根管充填的复杂性。他还对C型根管主尖锉的选取、根管预备和充填都提出了好多新的概念。还对根管冲洗提出了好多新的方法，让人耳目一新。也展示了一些统计资料，比较了几种充填方法的优缺点。最受推崇的是热牙垂直加压法。

当然，精彩的内容还有很多，希望能再有机会听到如此精彩的讲座。